Britannia Radio

Global downturn: In graphics

This is one of the most tumultuous times on record in the global financial markets. TRILLION-DOLLAR BAIL-OUTS Huge amounts of money have been committed in financial support for banks. BILLION-DOLLAR STIMULUS PACKAGES Governments are spending billions of dollars to kick-start economic growth. Measures include tax cuts and building projects. VICTIMS The financial landscape has changed dramatically, with several giants of the business world disappearing. UK BANK BAIL-OUT PACKAGE The UK has spent £81bn to prop up Royal Bank of Scotland, HBOS and Lloyds TSB as well as nationalised Northern Rock and parts of Bradford & Bingley. The Treasury and the Bank of England have pledged hundreds of billions of pounds of further support for the fragile banking system. A £250bn credit guarantee scheme announced in October is being expanded to encourage banks to lend more, with a commitment of up to £50bn. US BANK BAIL-OUT PACKAGE There has been an array of measures to provide support to the battered US financial system. A $700bn scheme approved last year, known as the Troubled Asset Relief Programme, was used to help lenders like Citigroup and Bank of America as well as the automobile industry. Major changes to the programme have been announced by the new administration, including a partnership with the private sector to buy toxic assets from banks. ECONOMIES HIT World economic growth is expected to slow sharply, with the UK among the hardest hit. Developing countries such as China and India should fare better. LEGACY OF DEBT As countries try to spend their way out of recession, debt levels are forecast to rise.